• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for assembling two sheet metal elements (1, 2), one of which is made of steel and the other of aluminum, comprising a step of thermally welding the two sheet metal elements using a plastic material. bring. The invention consists in that between a pair of sheet metal elements (1, 2) and a V-shaped joint plane (3), the two sheet metal elements (1, 2) are fixed by depositing a bead. weld (4) in the bottom of the joint plane (3) discontinuously along said joint plane (3), and then deposited in the joint plane (3) a material suitable for forming a seal (5) along the entire length of said joint plane (3).
    公开号:FR3020583A1
    申请号:FR1453946
    申请日:2014-04-30
    公开日:2015-11-06
    发明作者:David Feiner；Romaric Lenoir
    申请人:Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a method of assembling sheet metal elements of different materials, in particular sheets, one of which is made of steel and the other of aluminum. In the automotive field and more particularly in the context of a reduction in energy consumption and therefore a reduction in CO2 emissions, it is desired to lighten as much as possible motor vehicles. Thus, in view of lightening structures, it may be envisaged to replace certain steel components with lighter aluminum alloy elements. To assemble two components, one of which is steel and the other aluminum-based, so-called conventional mechanical assembly solutions (riveting, clinching, screwing) are known and applicable. However, it may be necessary for stiffness issues to achieve continuous connections between these elements. [0004] The metallurgy of Fe-Al alloys being extremely complex, any fusion assembly between these two materials requires the use of particular technologies and the implementation of dedicated procedures. Similarly, studies have shown the need to adapt the design of welded joints to the specificities of welding steel / aluminum. [0006] Indeed, steel and aluminum are materials that have very different physical properties, which makes any fusion assembly complex. The main differences are as follows: [0007] The difference between the melting temperatures, Al of 660 ° C. and Fe of 1536 ° C. is considerable and still increases for aluminum alloys containing silicon. This very disadvantageous gap in welding, where the fusion of the two materials is rather sought, may, however, prove to be beneficial in the case of brazing (in this case we have a fusion of aluminum while the steel remains solid). [000s] The linear expansions are 23.1.10-6 K-1 for Al and 12.6.10-6 K-1 for Fe (ferrite). The differences in deformation caused by cooling will result in very high levels of stress (traction or compression) in the welds, which greatly favors the appearance of cracks. Moreover, the thermal properties of aluminum and steel are also different, generating thermal behavior of two very different materials. Specific thermal capacity Thermal conductivity Al 897 J.Kg-1.K-1 237 Wm-1.K-1 Fe 450 J.Kg-1.K-1 (ferrite) 75 Wm-1.K-1 (ferrite) [ Thus, when a heat source is applied, the energy distribution shows a strong dissymmetry on both sides of the connection. The welding operating conditions are therefore always very complex. [cm 1] Another difficulty in achieving a steel / aluminum welding is that it is impossible to obtain a ductile alloy between these two materials. Since the solubility of aluminum in steel is almost zero, fragile intermetallic compounds are formed very quickly, which makes any mechanical use of the alloys formed impossible. The equilibrium diagram provides for the formation of numerous defined or intermetallic compounds. The solution commonly adopted to achieve an assembly is not to weld, in the true sense of the term, steel and aluminum but to achieve a diffusion bond, similar to soldering. Thus, the aluminum is brought to the liquid state while the steel remains solid. Although it is difficult to avoid the formation of intermetallic compounds, it is however possible to control the nature and thickness of the layer by adjusting the heat input to the assembly, that is, that is, using arc-type (Cold Metal Transfer) or laser arc welding technologies. However, metallurgical analyzes confirmed the presence of intermetallic compounds between the filler metal and steel. Thus, although it has been demonstrated that the thickness of the layer formed is controllable by the use of CMT or laser technologies, the fact remains that this layer is fragile and that it is necessary to adapt the design of the welded joints to the specificities of this connection. Among the configurations of joint plane, we can use the clapboard (see Figure 1) which behaves very well in shear tensile. However, such a configuration will not withstand stress when this assembly will be biased perpendicular to the layer (in pure tension in the direction F) or in peel. In DE 100 17 453, there is provided a method of bonding by welding between a steel sheet and an aluminum sheet using a filler material, wherein the steel sheet is provided with a coating at least in the area of the connection. This coating consists of either zinc or aluminum and thus allows a thermal bond with a Zn-Al alloy. It is thus possible to achieve a continuous thermal connection between the two sheets of steel and aluminum. However, in the context of an assembly between two sheet steel elements for one and aluminum sheet for the other such as an aluminum roof and a cockpit side in steel for a motor vehicle, such a thermal connection is not feasible because of the risk of cracks that may occur in the weld thus produced. The invention therefore aims to provide a method for obtaining an assembly of sheet metal members of different materials having different thermal behavior, such as a steel sheet and an aluminum sheet and this, while respecting the assembly characteristics (tensile strength, breaking strength). The present invention relates to a method of assembling two sheet metal elements, one of which is made of steel and the other of aluminum, comprising a step of thermal welding of the two sheet metal elements using a material of supply, characterized in that it provides between the two sheet metal elements a V-shaped joint plane, the two sheet metal elements are fixed by depositing a weld bead in the bottom of the joint plane discontinuously along said joint plane, then deposited in the joint plane a clean material to form a seal over the entire length of said joint plane. Thus, advantageously, the welding performed in a discontinuous manner has a greatly improved mechanical strength, insofar as the parts of non-welded sheets can absorb the differences in expansion between the materials while the material forming the seal makes it possible to seal the joint plane and thus the assembly while masking the discontinuity of the weld. In order to achieve such a method of assembly, it is preferred to house a V-shaped joint plane between the two elements to be assembled whose depth allows both to create a weld bead discontinuously and then receiving the material forming the joint so as to fill the inter-weld gaps and also to cover said weld beads to mask them. Such a seal is preferably made of a flexible organic material mastic type, thermoplastic, for example a polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The invention also relates to a set of two sheet metal elements, one of which is made of steel and the other of aluminum assembled by an assembly method according to the invention described above. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle having a roof liner obtained from a blank of aluminum sheet and two sides of the passenger compartment obtained respectively from a blank of steel sheet, the roof flag being assembled on each side of the cabin using the assembly method according to the invention. We will now describe the invention in more detail with reference to the drawing in which: [0026] Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a first step of the assembly method according to the invention; [0027] Figure 2 shows a sectional view of a second step of the assembly process; [0028] FIG. 3 represents a perspective view from above of a vehicle whose roof flag is being assembled according to the invention; and [0029] FIG. 4 shows a view according to FIG. 3 once the assembly process has been completed. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it assembles a roof lodge 1 of aluminum motor vehicle on a side of the passenger compartment 2 of the steel vehicle. The flag 1 is obtained from an aluminum sheet blank, in the example presented with a thickness of about 1.5 mm, preferably by stamping so that each longitudinal edge 1 has is curved inwards with, preferably, a radius of curvature R of the order of 4 mm. The cockpit side 2 is made from a steel sheet, also by stamping. During assembly, the curved edge 1a is brought against a face 2a of the cockpit side 2. The joint plane 3 formed between the edge of the flag 1 and the face 2a of the cockpit side 2 is substantially V-shaped and, because of the radius of curvature R of the edge 1a of the roof, this joint plane 3 has a depth of about 7 mm in the example shown. According to the principle of the present invention, the edge 1 of roof louver 1 is rigidly fixed to the face 2a of the passenger compartment side by a weld bead 4 obtained by a welding process called welding "CMT", known in itself. As best shown in the drawing of Figure 3, this weld bead 4 is deposited in the bottom of the joint plane 3 and discontinuously along said joint plane 3 on the face 2a of the cockpit side 2 and on the Curved edge of the pavilion. By welding "CMT" means an electric arc welding process which is a variant of welding processes of the type "MIG / MAG" (acronyms in English of "Metal Inert Gas" and "Metal active" Gas ") in which the melting of metals is obtained by the heat energy released by the electric arc that bursts in a protective atmosphere between a fusible electrode wire (filler metal consisting of aluminum, silicon and manganese and the parts to assemble.
    [0002] In the "CMT" welding process, the result of an adaptation of these MIG / MAG processes to the assembly requirements of steel sheets and aluminum sheets, the aluminum base material merges with the material Aluminum filler and fusion dampens galvanized steel. CMT welding is performed so that the point of impact of the wire (and the electric arc) is oriented on the aluminum sheet thus constituting the flag. The angle thus produced with respect to the joint plane is 90 °. The welding energy (welding speed, intensity and voltage) is implemented appropriately and controlled to limit the creation of intermetallic between aluminum and steel. Oscillation, in advance and recoil of the welding torch is implemented to achieve the weld bead. The CMT process compared to a conventional MIG / MAG process can reduce the welding energy by 30 to 50% to obtain a similar bond. The process "CMT" is a process that offers very satisfactory mechanical and technological qualities. It is, moreover, very stable, very reproducible and, consequently, economically profitable. Thus, it produces weld seams 4 preferably having a height of 4 mm, 30 to 40 mm in length for example every 100 mm along the joint plane 3 between the flag 1 and the side of cockpit 2. This "dotted" welding allows the non-welded areas of the roof 1 and the passenger side 2 to absorb differences in linear expansion which guarantees the mechanical strength of the assembly. Once, the weld made visible in Figure 3, is deposited at the joint plane 3, a material forming a seal 5 consisting of a sealed material which allows on the one hand to fill or fill the plane of seal 3, in particular where there are no weld seams 4 and thus mask the discontinuity of said weld beads 4, ensuring the tightness of the junction between the roof louver 1 and the cockpit side 2 , as well as the uniform aspect of this junction which does not require the addition of a hubcap. The welding process "CMT" allows a simple assembly to implement between the cockpit side of the steel 2 and the aluminum roof flag 1, simpler and more robust than the assemblies made by mechanical means or by collages. The vehicle, obtained by the assembly method described above, has many advantages, among which the following advantages - it allows to achieve a significant gain in weight compared to a vehicle whose flag is made of sheet metal. of steel, this gain of up to about 4 kg per vehicle, - it allows, because of this mass gain, to reduce the CO2 emissions of the vehicle thus produced according to the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Method of assembling two elements (1,
    [0002]
    2) in sheets, one of which is made of steel and the other of aluminum, comprising a step of thermally welding the two sheet metal elements using a filler material, characterized in that the two elements are plate (1, 2) a V-shaped joint plane (3), the two sheet metal elements (1, 2) are fixed by depositing a weld bead (4) in the bottom of the joint plane (3). discontinuously along said joint plane (3), then deposited in the joint plane (3) a clean material to form a seal (5) over the entire length of said joint plane (3). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the aluminum sheet element is a roof lining (1) obtained from a blank of aluminum sheet, by stamping so that each longitudinal edge (1a ) is curved inward.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the aluminum sheet blank (1) has a thickness of 1.5 mm and the radius of curvature R of the longitudinal edge (1a) is of the order of 4 mm.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the sheet steel member is a side of the passenger compartment (2) obtained from a blank of sheet steel, by stamping.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the curved edge (1a) is brought against a face (2a) of the passenger side (2) so that the joint plane (3) between the two elements to be assembled has a V shape.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the welding process is a CMT process.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sealing material is a flexible organic material such as mastic, thermoplastic.
    [0008]
    8. Set of two elements (1, 2) sheet steel and one aluminum, characterized in that the two elements are assembled by a method of assembly according to one of claims 1 at 7.
    [0009]
    9. Motor vehicle having a roof horn (1) obtained from an aluminum sheet blank and two interior sides (2) respectively obtained from a blank of sheet steel, characterized in that the roof horn (1) is assembled on each side of the passenger compartment (2) by means of the assembly method according to one of claims 1 to 7.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN106470788B|2018-08-07|
    WO2015166149A1|2015-11-05|
    EP3137252B1|2018-07-04|
    FR3020583B1|2016-04-29|
    EP3137252A1|2017-03-08|
    CN106470788A|2017-03-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS59186776A|1983-04-08|1984-10-23|Suzuki Motor Co Ltd|Method of coupling outside sheet of automobile|
    DE102006030507A1|2006-07-01|2008-01-03|Audi Ag|Method for thermally joining two components made from materials having different heat expansion coefficients comprises cooling one component in a region connected to the joining zone|
    US20080178467A1|2007-01-30|2008-07-31|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|Welding arrangement for vehicle body panels|
    KR20120031857A|2010-09-27|2012-04-04|주식회사 신영|Junction method of each other different quality of material|
    WO2013126478A1|2012-02-24|2013-08-29|Premark Feg L.L.C.|Dishwashing machine of the hood movable type and associated method of hood manufacturing|US20190111523A1|2017-10-17|2019-04-18|Tuan Anh Pham|Construction of a vehicle body structure by welding thin sheet metal panels to thick metal extrusions|DE10017453B4|2000-04-07|2004-11-04|Audi Ag|Process for producing a welded or soldered connection|US10532421B2|2017-08-29|2020-01-14|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|UAM resistance spot weld joint transition for multimaterial automotive structures|
    US11060543B2|2017-12-28|2021-07-13|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|Device and method of applying a sealant around a structural adhesive to prevent corrosion|
    US10870166B2|2018-02-01|2020-12-22|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|UAM transition for fusion welding of dissimilar metal parts|
    法律状态:
    2015-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-11-06| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20151106 |
    2016-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2018-06-29| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA, FR Effective date: 20180312 |
    2018-06-29| CA| Change of address|Effective date: 20180312 |
    2020-01-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20191205 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1453946A|FR3020583B1|2014-04-30|2014-04-30|METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING SHEETS IN DIFFERENT MATERIALS|FR1453946A| FR3020583B1|2014-04-30|2014-04-30|METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING SHEETS IN DIFFERENT MATERIALS|
    CN201580020455.2A| CN106470788B|2014-04-30|2015-03-19|The assemble method of intermittent thermal weld is carried out by the interface along steel sheet metal component and aluminum sheet metal component using the deposition of the material suitable for forming sealed interface on interface|
    EP15714877.6A| EP3137252B1|2014-04-30|2015-03-19|Method of assembly by discontinuous thermal welding along the join of a steel sheet with an aluminium sheet, with deposition of a clean material to form a sealed joint on the join ; corresponding assembly|
    PCT/FR2015/050668| WO2015166149A1|2014-04-30|2015-03-19|Method of assembly by discontinuous thermal welding along the join of a steel sheet with an aluminium sheet, with deposition of a clean material to form a sealed joint on the join|
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